Depression symptoms in teenagers

Teenage depression rarely looks like a sad, withdrawn adult. It more often shows up as irritability, a drop in school performance, or a teenager who has quietly stopped doing the things they loved — changes that are easy to mistake for "normal teenage moodiness".

The signs below are what parents and clinicians watch for. If several persist for more than two weeks, it is worth a conversation with a doctor. (Our screening tools are validated for adults; a teen should be assessed by a professional.)

How it specifically shows up in teens

Irritability over sadness

Snapping, hostility, and a short temper are often more visible than tearfulness in teens.

Withdrawal and lost interest

Dropping hobbies, friends, or activities they used to care about — retreating to their room or their phone.

School slide

Falling grades, trouble concentrating, skipped classes, or a sudden loss of motivation.

Sleep and appetite changes

Sleeping far more or less than usual, and noticeable shifts in eating or weight.

Physical complaints

Frequent headaches or stomachaches with no medical cause can be how a teen expresses distress.

Talk of hopelessness or self-harm

Any comments about being a burden, not wanting to be here, or self-harm need help now — call or text 988, and involve a professional.

See also the full guide to depression symptoms and the depression overview.